Current issues in legal prevention and counteraction of crime in the field of information technologies

Abstract

The article analyses contemporary challenges in the legal prevention and combating of cybercrime amid rapid digitalisation, expansion of cyberspace, and advances in telecommunications. Cybercrime is characterised as a dynamic and transnational phenomenon encompassing offences such as unauthorised interference with computer systems, illegal collection of personal data, distribution of malicious software, phishing, social engineering, and violations of intellectual property rights. Key factors hindering effective counteraction are identified, including the high latency of cybercrime, its cross-border nature, and the use of advanced technologies by offenders, such as anonymisation tools, cryptocurrencies, blockchain, artificial intelligence, and automated systems. The study examines legal, institutional, and organisational mechanisms for combating cybercrime in Ukraine and internationally, with particular attention to international legal standards, including the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime, EU legal instruments, and recommendations of international organisations. The article highlights the growing importance of integrating innovative technologies into law enforcement practice, including digital forensics, artificial intelligence for big data analysis, automated threat detection systems, and advanced monitoring tools. It is emphasised that digital forensics as an emerging scientific field significantly enhances pre-trial investigation, evidence collection, and the administration of justice in cybercrime cases. The author argues that effective counteraction to cybercrime requires a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach combining legal reform, technological innovation, professional training, cybersecurity awareness, and strengthened international cooperation. Special attention is given to the need to adapt criminal justice mechanisms under martial law, where cyber threats to critical infrastructure intensify. Strengthening cybercrime prevention is essential for ensuring national and information security