Comparative characteristics of the training of doctors of philosophy in economics in the leading countries of the world

Abstract

The scientific training of doctors of philosophy is one of the indicators of the country's development and demonstrates the innovative progress of society. The purpose of the article is to compare the features of the training of doctors of philosophy in the leading countries of the world. The main methods that were used in the research are analysis and synthesis, methods of comparative analysis, generalization, which made it possible to achieve the set goal. The article examines the specifics of Training PhDs in Economics, and systematizes the specifics of each country. In the article, a comparative analysis of the system of training economics specialists at the scientific level of doctoral studies in the USA, Canada, Japan, and EU countries is carried out. The main differences were established in such areas as: Program duration; Master's degree requirements; Research flexibility; Funding opportunities; Teaching expectations. It has been established that Universities in Australia, New Zealand and Canada typically follow the American PhD structure: two years of classes plus three years of independent research. A PhD experience there is comparable to the one in the US. Similar programs (in terms of organization) are offered by top Asian schools in Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea. In other parts of the world, where economics research capacities are less developed, doctoral studies take various forms, such as employment at the national academy of sciences.