Кафедра психології

The articleunder review identifies the crisis family phenomenon as a crisis family system. It presents the structural-functional model of communication in crisis family systems, which consists of five components: stabilizers of family interaction (family norms and values); configurations (patterns) offamily interaction; modes of family relations and attitudes; factors and mechanisms of family relations reproduction and assimilation of family interaction patterns;types of family experience reproduction. The article analyzes and empirically confirms the models of family experience reproduction in crisis family systems with different type of interpersonal interaction organization both within this system and outside it. The research shows that the crisis family has a bipolar nature and, despite its inherent dysfunction and suboptimal configurations of family interactions, it is an institution of socialization that provides the child with ample opportunities to gain new social experiences other than those produced within it.Crisis family systems in the aggregate of the structural and functional components we have identified are considered in this article in comparison with normal (ideal) family systems in the empirical field of research. At the same time (and this is especially important), the main attention is paid by us not to the quantitative and not qualitative composition of the family, not to whether this family is “complete” or “incomplete”, but to the features of the psychological and, above all, emotional ties between its members, as well as the patterns of their interaction with each other.Empirically understood in the course ofthe study, these components are described in some way in the article. It has been determined that in a problem family there is a violation of the system of intra-family communications, a worsened psychological atmosphere, distorted family functions and socializing influences. It is established that the problem family is a bipolar phenomenon, which on the one hand, has dysfunction, is characterized by conflict, difficulties in implementing educational functions, etc., and on the other -gives the child moreopportunities to gain social experience, promote independence and adaptability. The analysis of the results of the study concludes that the key mechanism of socialization is the assimilation of patterns and configurations of interaction that can be implemented in three types of reproduction of family experience: replication (full reproduction of the parental pattern of behavior), partial reproduction; implementation of opposite (those that are present in the family experience) patterns of behavior. It is proved that the choice of the type of reproduction of experience is determined by the level of criticality, which means a set of cognitiveand emotional processes that allow the child based on the unity of analysis (cognitive component) and emotional reflection (emotional component) to make judgments about the appropriateness or inexpediency of family experience.It is shown that the crisis family has a bipolar nature and, despite its inherent dysfunction and suboptimal configurations of family interactions,it is an institution of socialization, which not only gives the child an "ideal" family experience, but also creates opportunities for alternative social experiences. different from that produced within a particular family system.

Кафедра психології

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